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William Salthouse (ship)
The ''William Salthouse'' was the first merchant vessel to sail with a cargo of merchandise from the British Dominion of Canada to British Colonies of Australia. The ship was lost on 28 November 1841 while attempting to enter Port Phillip Heads en route to Melbourne Harbor.〔(M. 2003. "Early Trade Between Canada and Australia and the Wreck of the William Salthouse (1841). IN:Mer et Monde : questions d’archeologie maritime, ed.Christian Roy et al., Association des Archeologues du Quebec, 2003, pp. 212–227. )〕 The wreck of ''William Salthouse'' has been the site of several maritime archaeological investigations as well as experimental ''in situ'' conservation efforts.
==The Story of ''William Salthouse''==
The ''William Salthouse'' was a 251-tonne barque designed and built for trade by Salthouse and Co. of Liverpool, a prominent merchant, in 1824. It served as a trading vessel delivering mixed cargoes from Britain to its colonies in the West Indies and India for 17 years before being sold to Green and Co. of Liverpool.〔 Green and Co. were aware of the colony at Melbourne's struggle to establish itself as self-sustaining and recognized it as a potentially profitable investment for trade. The economical incentives are most likely what prompted the ''William Salthouse''s change of trade destination to Montreal and onto Port Phillip.〔 On 27 March 1841 ''William Salthouse'' departed London en route to Montreal, where it arrived safely on 26 May 1841. After clearing Montreal customs on 17 June 1841, the vessel set sail on open water for Melbourne by mid-July loaded with mainly flour and salted provisions, but also carrying whiskey, wine, cider, vinegar, and nails.〔
It was a stormy day on 28 November 1841 when ''William Salthouse'', guided by its Captain George Brown, attempted to fight the opposing tides and make port at Melbourne Harbor, just beyond Port Phillip Heads. According to records, the choppy surface of the water gave no indication of a reef located near Point Nepean where the vessel collided, dislodging the rudder and causing the ''William Salthouse'' to take on water. Captain Brown ordered that an anchor be dropped to steady the unnavigable vessel while a brave unnamed pilot from nearby Queenscliff boarded the crippled ship in an attempt to help sail it through the Heads of Port Phillip Bay. Unfortunately, the vessel was too badly damaged and before long had foundered on Pope's Eye Shoals with two metres of water in its holds.〔 It was at this time Captain Brown gave the order to abandon ship, it would be more than 140 years before ''William Salthouse'' would be seen again.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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